Replication and Transmission of H9N2 Influenza Viruses in Ferrets: Evaluation of Pandemic Potential
Identifieur interne : 001226 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001225; suivant : 001227Replication and Transmission of H9N2 Influenza Viruses in Ferrets: Evaluation of Pandemic Potential
Auteurs : Hongquan Wan [États-Unis] ; Erin M. Sorrell [États-Unis] ; Haichen Song [États-Unis] ; Md Jaber Hossain [États-Unis] ; Gloria Ramirez-Nieto [États-Unis] ; Isabella Monne [Italie] ; James Stevens [États-Unis] ; Giovanni Cattoli [Italie] ; Ilaria Capua [Italie] ; Li-Mei Chen [États-Unis] ; Ruben O. Donis [États-Unis] ; Julia Busch [États-Unis] ; James C. Paulson [États-Unis] ; Christy Brockwell [États-Unis] ; Richard Webby [États-Unis] ; Jorge Blanco [États-Unis] ; Mohammad Q. Al-Natour [Jordanie] ; Daniel R. Perez [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2008.
Abstract
H9N2 avian influenza A viruses are endemic in poultry of many Eurasian countries and have caused repeated human infections in Asia since 1998. To evaluate the potential threat of H9N2 viruses to humans, we investigated the replication and transmission efficiency of H9N2 viruses in the ferret model. Five wild-type (WT) H9N2 viruses, isolated from different avian species from 1988 through 2003, were tested in vivo and found to replicate in ferrets. However these viruses achieved mild peak viral titers in nasal washes when compared to those observed with a human H3N2 virus. Two of these H9N2 viruses transmitted to direct contact ferrets, however no aerosol transmission was detected in the virus displaying the most efficient direct contact transmission. A leucine (Leu) residue at amino acid position 226 in the hemagglutinin (HA) receptor-binding site (RBS), responsible for human virus-like receptor specificity, was found to be important for the transmission of the H9N2 viruses in ferrets. In addition, an H9N2 avian-human reassortant virus, which contains the surface glycoprotein genes from an H9N2 virus and the six internal genes of a human H3N2 virus, showed enhanced replication and efficient transmission to direct contacts. Although no aerosol transmission was observed, the virus replicated in multiple respiratory tissues and induced clinical signs similar to those observed with the parental human H3N2 virus. Our results suggest that the establishment and prevalence of H9N2 viruses in poultry pose a significant threat for humans.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002923
PubMed: 18698430
PubMed Central: 2500216
Affiliations:
- Italie, Jordanie, États-Unis
- Californie, Géorgie (États-Unis), Maryland, Tennessee
- College Park (Maryland)
- Université du Maryland
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Le document en format XML
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Padova</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Padova</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stevens, James" sort="Stevens, James" uniqKey="Stevens J" first="James" last="Stevens">James Stevens</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Molecular Virology and Vaccines Branch, Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Virology and Vaccines Branch, Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cattoli, Giovanni" sort="Cattoli, Giovanni" uniqKey="Cattoli G" first="Giovanni" last="Cattoli">Giovanni Cattoli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>OIE, FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Padova, Italy</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>OIE, FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Padova</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Padova</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Capua, Ilaria" sort="Capua, Ilaria" uniqKey="Capua I" first="Ilaria" last="Capua">Ilaria Capua</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>OIE, FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Padova, Italy</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>OIE, FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, 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Sorrell</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region><settlement type="city">College Park (Maryland)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université du Maryland</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Song, Haichen" sort="Song, Haichen" uniqKey="Song H" first="Haichen" last="Song">Haichen Song</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region><settlement type="city">College Park (Maryland)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université du Maryland</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hossain, Md Jaber" sort="Hossain, Md Jaber" uniqKey="Hossain M" first="Md Jaber" last="Hossain">Md Jaber Hossain</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region><settlement type="city">College Park (Maryland)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université du Maryland</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramirez Nieto, Gloria" sort="Ramirez Nieto, Gloria" uniqKey="Ramirez Nieto G" first="Gloria" last="Ramirez-Nieto">Gloria Ramirez-Nieto</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region><settlement type="city">College Park (Maryland)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université du Maryland</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Monne, Isabella" sort="Monne, Isabella" uniqKey="Monne I" first="Isabella" last="Monne">Isabella Monne</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>OIE, FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Padova, Italy</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>OIE, FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Padova</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Padova</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stevens, James" sort="Stevens, James" uniqKey="Stevens J" first="James" last="Stevens">James Stevens</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Molecular Virology and Vaccines Branch, Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Virology and Vaccines Branch, Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cattoli, Giovanni" sort="Cattoli, Giovanni" uniqKey="Cattoli G" first="Giovanni" last="Cattoli">Giovanni Cattoli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>OIE, FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Padova, Italy</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>OIE, FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Padova</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Padova</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Capua, Ilaria" sort="Capua, Ilaria" uniqKey="Capua I" first="Ilaria" last="Capua">Ilaria Capua</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>OIE, FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Padova, Italy</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>OIE, FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Padova</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Padova</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Li Mei" sort="Chen, Li Mei" uniqKey="Chen L" first="Li-Mei" last="Chen">Li-Mei Chen</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Molecular Virology and Vaccines Branch, Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Virology and Vaccines Branch, Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Donis, Ruben O" sort="Donis, Ruben O" uniqKey="Donis R" first="Ruben O." last="Donis">Ruben O. Donis</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Molecular Virology and Vaccines Branch, Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Molecular Virology and Vaccines Branch, Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Busch, Julia" sort="Busch, Julia" uniqKey="Busch J" first="Julia" last="Busch">Julia Busch</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paulson, James C" sort="Paulson, James C" uniqKey="Paulson J" first="James C." last="Paulson">James C. Paulson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brockwell, Christy" sort="Brockwell, Christy" uniqKey="Brockwell C" first="Christy" last="Brockwell">Christy Brockwell</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webby, Richard" sort="Webby, Richard" uniqKey="Webby R" first="Richard" last="Webby">Richard Webby</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blanco, Jorge" sort="Blanco, Jorge" uniqKey="Blanco J" first="Jorge" last="Blanco">Jorge Blanco</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>Virion Systems, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Virion Systems, Inc., Rockville, Maryland</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Natour, Mohammad Q" sort="Al Natour, Mohammad Q" uniqKey="Al Natour M" first="Mohammad Q." last="Al-Natour">Mohammad Q. Al-Natour</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Department of Pathology and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Jordanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Irbid</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Daniel R" sort="Perez, Daniel R" uniqKey="Perez D" first="Daniel R." last="Perez">Daniel R. Perez</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, College Park, Maryland</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region><settlement type="city">College Park (Maryland)</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université du Maryland</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2008">2008</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>H9N2 avian influenza A viruses are endemic in poultry of many Eurasian countries and have caused repeated human infections in Asia since 1998. To evaluate the potential threat of H9N2 viruses to humans, we investigated the replication and transmission efficiency of H9N2 viruses in the ferret model. Five wild-type (WT) H9N2 viruses, isolated from different avian species from 1988 through 2003, were tested in vivo and found to replicate in ferrets. However these viruses achieved mild peak viral titers in nasal washes when compared to those observed with a human H3N2 virus. Two of these H9N2 viruses transmitted to direct contact ferrets, however no aerosol transmission was detected in the virus displaying the most efficient direct contact transmission. A leucine (Leu) residue at amino acid position 226 in the hemagglutinin (HA) receptor-binding site (RBS), responsible for human virus-like receptor specificity, was found to be important for the transmission of the H9N2 viruses in ferrets. In addition, an H9N2 avian-human reassortant virus, which contains the surface glycoprotein genes from an H9N2 virus and the six internal genes of a human H3N2 virus, showed enhanced replication and efficient transmission to direct contacts. Although no aerosol transmission was observed, the virus replicated in multiple respiratory tissues and induced clinical signs similar to those observed with the parental human H3N2 virus. Our results suggest that the establishment and prevalence of H9N2 viruses in poultry pose a significant threat for humans.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brown, Ih" uniqKey="Brown I">IH Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Banks, J" uniqKey="Banks J">J Banks</name></author><author><name sortKey="Manvell, Rj" uniqKey="Manvell R">RJ Manvell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Essen, Sc" uniqKey="Essen S">SC Essen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shell, W" uniqKey="Shell W">W Shell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nili, H" uniqKey="Nili H">H Nili</name></author><author><name sortKey="Asasi, K" uniqKey="Asasi K">K Asasi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, C" uniqKey="Li C">C Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, K" uniqKey="Yu K">K Yu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tian, G" uniqKey="Tian 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Blixt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Lm" uniqKey="Chen L">LM Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Donis, Ro" uniqKey="Donis R">RO Donis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Paulson, Jc" uniqKey="Paulson J">JC Paulson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, Ia" uniqKey="Wilson I">IA Wilson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Horimoto, T" uniqKey="Horimoto T">T Horimoto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kawaoka, Y" uniqKey="Kawaoka Y">Y Kawaoka</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kawaoka, Y" uniqKey="Kawaoka Y">Y Kawaoka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krauss, S" uniqKey="Krauss S">S Krauss</name></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Rg" uniqKey="Webster R">RG Webster</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Matrosovich, M" uniqKey="Matrosovich M">M Matrosovich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Matrosovich, T" uniqKey="Matrosovich T">T Matrosovich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Uhlendorff, J" uniqKey="Uhlendorff J">J Uhlendorff</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garten, W" uniqKey="Garten W">W Garten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klenk, Hd" uniqKey="Klenk H">HD Klenk</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, E" uniqKey="Hoffmann E">E Hoffmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Neumann, G" uniqKey="Neumann G">G Neumann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kawaoka, Y" uniqKey="Kawaoka Y">Y Kawaoka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hobom, G" uniqKey="Hobom G">G Hobom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Rg" uniqKey="Webster R">RG Webster</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, E" uniqKey="Hoffmann E">E Hoffmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stech, J" uniqKey="Stech J">J Stech</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y Guan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Rg" uniqKey="Webster R">RG Webster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Dr" uniqKey="Perez D">DR Perez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Makarova, Nv" uniqKey="Makarova N">NV Makarova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ozaki, H" uniqKey="Ozaki H">H Ozaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kida, H" uniqKey="Kida H">H Kida</name></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Rg" uniqKey="Webster R">RG Webster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Dr" uniqKey="Perez D">DR Perez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stevens, J" uniqKey="Stevens J">J Stevens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blixt, O" uniqKey="Blixt O">O Blixt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Glaser, L" uniqKey="Glaser L">L Glaser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taubenberger, Jk" uniqKey="Taubenberger J">JK Taubenberger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palese, P" uniqKey="Palese P">P Palese</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stevens, J" uniqKey="Stevens J">J Stevens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blixt, O" uniqKey="Blixt O">O Blixt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tumpey, Tm" uniqKey="Tumpey T">TM Tumpey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taubenberger, Jk" uniqKey="Taubenberger J">JK Taubenberger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Paulson, Jc" uniqKey="Paulson J">JC Paulson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Song, H" uniqKey="Song H">H Song</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nieto, Gr" uniqKey="Nieto G">GR Nieto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Dr" uniqKey="Perez D">DR Perez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Italie</li><li>Jordanie</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Californie</li><li>Géorgie (États-Unis)</li><li>Maryland</li><li>Tennessee</li></region><settlement><li>College Park (Maryland)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université du Maryland</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Maryland"><name sortKey="Wan, Hongquan" sort="Wan, Hongquan" uniqKey="Wan H" first="Hongquan" last="Wan">Hongquan Wan</name></region><name sortKey="Blanco, Jorge" sort="Blanco, Jorge" uniqKey="Blanco J" first="Jorge" last="Blanco">Jorge Blanco</name><name sortKey="Brockwell, Christy" sort="Brockwell, Christy" uniqKey="Brockwell C" first="Christy" last="Brockwell">Christy Brockwell</name><name sortKey="Busch, Julia" sort="Busch, Julia" uniqKey="Busch J" first="Julia" last="Busch">Julia Busch</name><name sortKey="Busch, Julia" sort="Busch, Julia" uniqKey="Busch J" first="Julia" last="Busch">Julia Busch</name><name sortKey="Chen, Li Mei" sort="Chen, Li Mei" uniqKey="Chen L" first="Li-Mei" last="Chen">Li-Mei Chen</name><name sortKey="Donis, Ruben O" sort="Donis, Ruben O" uniqKey="Donis R" first="Ruben O." last="Donis">Ruben O. Donis</name><name sortKey="Hossain, Md Jaber" sort="Hossain, Md Jaber" uniqKey="Hossain M" first="Md Jaber" last="Hossain">Md Jaber Hossain</name><name sortKey="Paulson, James C" sort="Paulson, James C" uniqKey="Paulson J" first="James C." last="Paulson">James C. Paulson</name><name sortKey="Paulson, James C" sort="Paulson, James C" uniqKey="Paulson J" first="James C." last="Paulson">James C. Paulson</name><name sortKey="Perez, Daniel R" sort="Perez, Daniel R" uniqKey="Perez D" first="Daniel R." last="Perez">Daniel R. Perez</name><name sortKey="Ramirez Nieto, Gloria" sort="Ramirez Nieto, Gloria" uniqKey="Ramirez Nieto G" first="Gloria" last="Ramirez-Nieto">Gloria Ramirez-Nieto</name><name sortKey="Song, Haichen" sort="Song, Haichen" uniqKey="Song H" first="Haichen" last="Song">Haichen Song</name><name sortKey="Sorrell, Erin M" sort="Sorrell, Erin M" uniqKey="Sorrell E" first="Erin M." last="Sorrell">Erin M. Sorrell</name><name sortKey="Stevens, James" sort="Stevens, James" uniqKey="Stevens J" first="James" last="Stevens">James Stevens</name><name sortKey="Webby, Richard" sort="Webby, Richard" uniqKey="Webby R" first="Richard" last="Webby">Richard Webby</name></country><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Monne, Isabella" sort="Monne, Isabella" uniqKey="Monne I" first="Isabella" last="Monne">Isabella Monne</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Capua, Ilaria" sort="Capua, Ilaria" uniqKey="Capua I" first="Ilaria" last="Capua">Ilaria Capua</name><name sortKey="Cattoli, Giovanni" sort="Cattoli, Giovanni" uniqKey="Cattoli G" first="Giovanni" last="Cattoli">Giovanni Cattoli</name></country><country name="Jordanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Al Natour, Mohammad Q" sort="Al Natour, Mohammad Q" uniqKey="Al Natour M" first="Mohammad Q." last="Al-Natour">Mohammad Q. Al-Natour</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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